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OCServ 配置
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标题写的是 CentOS 7，其实 RedHat 系各发行版通用。
ocserv 在 CentOS 6 上必须自行编译，且需要解决诸多依赖性问题，但在 CentOS 7 上配置相当容易。

申请服务器证书

生成 CSR

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cd ~

openssl req -new -newkey rsa:4096 -sha256 -nodes -out server.csr -keyout server.key

接下去的提示中，只有 Common Name 需要填写服务器域名，其他都可以留空。

不建议生成 ECC 证书，因为即使是正规 CA 签发，AnyConnect 客户端也会提示不安全。

拿着生成的 CSR 文件，到 Let’s encrypt 签发。
如果签名算法可选，务必选择 SHA-2，不要用 SHA-1。

安装 OCSERV

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yum install epel-release ocserv -y

配置 OCSERV

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vim /etc/ocserv/ocserv.conf

修改如下：

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# 取消证书登录的注释，注释掉 PAM 登录 
auth = "certificate"
#auth = "pam"

# 客户端总上限以及单个账号客户端上限，私下用的话 max-same-clients 可以改大些 
max-clients = 16
max-same-clients = 2

# 监听端口 
tcp-port = 1234
udp-port = 1234

# 因为使用证书登录，所以必须注释掉这行 
#listen-clear-file = /var/run/ocserv-conn.socket

# 移动客户端掉线检测间隔，建议取消注释以节省手机等设备的电量 
mobile-dpd = 1800

# 这个改成 true，否则可能会出现问题 
try-mtu-discovery = true

# 服务器证书的路径 
server-cert = /etc/ocserv/pki/server/server.crt
server-key = /etc/ocserv/pki/server/server.key

#CA 证书的路径 
ca-cert = /etc/ocserv/pki/ca/ca.crt

# 对客户端分配的内网地址。如果同时还运行其他 VPN 服务器，请确保 IP 段不会冲突 
ipv4-network = 192.168.101.0
ipv4-netmask = 255.255.255.0

#DNS 服务器 
dns = 8.8.8.8
dns = 8.8.4.4
#dns = 其他较快较靠谱的 DNS 服务器

配置证书

创建目录

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mkdir /etc/ocserv/pki && cd /etc/ocserv/pki`

mkdir server ca clients template

配置 Server 证书

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mkdir /etc/ocserv/pki && cd /etc/ocserv/pki
mkdir server ca clients template

配置 CA 证书

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cd ../ca
certtool --generate-privkey --sec-param high --outfile ca.key
# 自签证书信息随便写 
cat << _EOF_ >../template/ca.tmpl
cn = "VPN CA"
organization = "Mid-south Sea"
serial = 1
expiration_days = 9999
ca
signing_key
cert_signing_key
crl_signing_key
_EOF_
# 生成证书 
certtool --generate-self-signed --load-privkey ca.key --template ../template/ca.tmpl --outfile ca.crt
chmod 400 ca.key

配置 Client 证书

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cd ../template
vim client.tmpl

输入以下内容（可自己随意修改）

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cn = user
o = "Organization"
email = [email protected]
dns_name = "www.example.com"
country = US
state = "New York"
serial = 1
expiration_days = 9999
signing_key
encryption_key #only if the generated key is an RSA one
tls_www_client
ipsec_ike_key
time_stamping_key

制作自动签发脚本

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cd ..
vim make-client.sh

输入以下内容

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#!/bin/sh
serial=`date +%s`
certtool --generate-privkey --outfile clients/$1.key
sed -i "1ccn = ${1}" template/client.tmpl
sed -i "3cemail = ${1}@example.com" template/client.tmpl
sed -i "7cserial = ${serial}" template/client.tmpl
certtool --generate-certificate --load-privkey clients/$1.key --load-ca-certificate ca/ca.crt --load-ca-privkey ca/ca.key --template template/client.tmpl --outfile clients/$1.crt
openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey clients/$1.key -in clients/$1.crt -name "$1 VPN Client Cert" -certfile ca/ca.crt -out clients/$1.p12
exit 0

# 设置权限 
chmod 700 make-client.sh

然后就能用脚本很方便地生成客户端证书了：

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./make-client.sh testuser

启动 OCSERV 并设置开机启动

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systemctl start ocserv
systemctl enable ocserv

配置 FIREWALLD

创建一个 ocserv 服务

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vim /etc/firewalld/services/ocserv.xml

内容如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>ocserv</short>
  <description>Cisco AnyConnect</description>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="1234"/>
  <port protocol="udp" port="1234"/>
</service>

启动 firewalld

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systemctl start firewalld
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ocserv
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-masquerade
firewall-cmd --reload

配置客户端

如果之前用 make-client.sh 生成过证书，那么在 / etc/ocserv/pki/client 目录下可以找到响应的 p12 文件。
将该文件传到手机 / iPad 等终端上。

提示

  1. 虽然上面提到自签证书的信息可以随意写，但由于证书本身的信息是明文传输的，所以不要写奇怪的字段，以免引起防火墙注意。
  2. Server 证书不建议使用 ECC 证书，因为 AnyConnect 会提示不安全。CA 和 Client 证书不能使用 ECC 证书，因为 OpenConnect 不支持。

路由表

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no-route = 服务器 IP/255.255.255.255
no-route = 1.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 1.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 1.112.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 1.176.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 1.192.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 14.0.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 14.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 14.128.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 14.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 27.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 27.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 27.128.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 27.176.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 27.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 27.224.0.0/255.252.0.0
no-route = 36.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 36.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 36.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 36.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 36.240.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 39.0.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 39.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 39.96.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 39.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 40.72.0.0/255.254.0.0
no-route = 40.125.128.0/255.255.128.0
no-route = 40.126.64.0/255.255.192.0
no-route = 42.0.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 42.48.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 42.80.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 42.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 42.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 43.224.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 45.64.0.0/255.255.128.0
no-route = 45.112.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 47.92.0.0/255.252.0.0
no-route = 47.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 49.0.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 49.48.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 49.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 49.112.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 49.128.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 49.208.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 49.224.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 52.80.0.0/255.252.0.0
no-route = 54.222.0.0/255.254.0.0
no-route = 58.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 58.128.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 58.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 58.240.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 59.32.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 59.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 59.96.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 59.144.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 59.160.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 59.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 60.0.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 60.48.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 60.160.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 60.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 61.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 61.80.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 61.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 61.224.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 91.234.36.0/255.255.255.0
no-route = 101.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 101.128.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 101.192.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 101.224.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 103.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 103.192.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 103.224.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 106.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 106.224.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 110.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 110.144.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 110.160.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 110.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 111.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 111.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 111.112.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 111.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 111.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 111.224.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 112.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 112.128.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 112.192.0.0/255.252.0.0
no-route = 112.224.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 113.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 113.128.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 113.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 114.16.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 114.48.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 114.64.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 114.128.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 114.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 115.0.0.0/255.0.0.0
no-route = 116.0.0.0/255.0.0.0
no-route = 117.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 117.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 118.16.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 118.64.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 118.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 119.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 119.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 119.224.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 120.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 120.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 120.128.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 120.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 121.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 121.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 122.0.0.0/254.0.0.0
no-route = 124.0.0.0/255.0.0.0
no-route = 125.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 125.160.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 125.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 137.59.88.0/255.255.252.0
no-route = 139.0.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 139.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 140.64.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 140.128.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 140.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 144.0.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 144.7.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 144.12.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 144.52.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 144.123.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 144.255.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 150.0.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 150.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 150.128.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 150.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 152.104.128.0/255.255.128.0
no-route = 153.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 153.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 157.0.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 157.18.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 157.61.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 157.122.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 157.148.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 157.156.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 157.255.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 159.226.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 161.207.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 162.105.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 163.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 163.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 163.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 163.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 166.111.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 167.139.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 167.189.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 167.220.244.0/255.255.252.0
no-route = 168.160.0.0/255.255.0.0
no-route = 171.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 171.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 175.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 175.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 180.64.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 180.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 182.0.0.0/255.0.0.0
no-route = 183.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 183.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 183.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 192.124.154.0/255.255.255.0
no-route = 192.188.170.0/255.255.255.0
no-route = 202.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 202.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 202.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 203.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 203.128.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 203.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 210.0.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 210.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 210.160.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 210.192.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 211.64.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 211.80.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 211.96.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 211.136.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 211.144.0.0/255.240.0.0
no-route = 211.160.0.0/255.248.0.0
no-route = 218.0.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 218.160.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 218.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 219.64.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 219.128.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 219.192.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 220.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 220.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 221.0.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 221.96.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 221.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
no-route = 222.0.0.0/255.0.0.0
no-route = 223.0.0.0/255.224.0.0
no-route = 223.64.0.0/255.192.0.0
no-route = 223.128.0.0/255.128.0.0
Author: Jason Cooper
Link: https://blog.dwx.io/ocserv-setup/
Copyright Notice: All articles in this blog are licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 unless stating additionally.